The World That Helps People Of All Backgrounds - 1451 Words

We are living in a world that seeks answers to everything. We aim for perfection by working on our strengths and weaknesses as human beings. With technological advantages, people aim to live as long as possible with optimal functioning in the body and mind. It has been a goal in human existence to maintain ourselves in any way we can. One way this is done is through gratitude. Gratitude has been regarded as universally valuable, tracing back to the beginning of time. Ever since the 1930s researchers have tried to measure how effectively gratitude helps people of all backgrounds (Bono, Emmons, McCullough, 2004). Cultures define gratitude based on the way they perceive it. Western society regards gratitude as something that is needed†¦show more content†¦Gratitude, which involves an appreciation of life, invokes positive emotions and, overtime, may cause an improvement in wellbeing (McCullough, Emmons, Tsang, 2002). Studies have shown that gratitude has different relationshi ps with each of the Big Five traits, but they all showed associations to gratitude (Wood, Joseph, Maltby, 2008, 2009). We can interpret from this research that gratitude’s effects on wellbeing goes beyond personality traits despite the subjectivity of wellbeing. Research has shown that gratitude has a significant impact on wellbeing. It would be helpful to evaluate whether gratitude can improve wellbeing, as this would be helpful to those with low wellbeing. Mood Wellbeing also includes mood. Experiencing a mood occurs in two ways: the mood is experienced, and then there are judgments of the mood (Mayer Gaschke, 1988). Since the mood and its cognitions are experienced, they should be measured together when determining mood. Moods can involve negative and positive emotions. Positive emotions might cause someone to have a positive mood, and vice versa. Positive emotions allow people to develop skills to rely on when experiencing more negative emotions (Fredrickson, Mancuso, Branigan, Tugade, 2000). Not only do positive emotions help with coping skills, but they develop into a positive mood over time. Pressman, Gallagher, and Lopez (2013) found that positive emotions contribute to the overall health of an

Environmental Fundamentals - 859 Words

Environmental Fundamentals Tara Howe ENV/100 Tolulope Awosika March 4th, 2013 Environmental Fundamentals In the year 1800 the human population on earth reached 1 billion. In 200 years, the population soared to 6 billion (Berg Hager, Chapter 1, 2009). With industrialization and technologies developed in those 200 years, humans have been depleting the earth’s natural resources at an alarming rate. Environmental science is the branch of science concerned with the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the environment and their effect on organisms (Dictionary.com, 2013). Knowing and understanding the environment and what can be done to sustain it will help humans survive on this planet†¦show more content†¦The trees are used for human consumption such as housing and wooden wears. The space created is used for some human activity such as housing or farming. By cutting down mass quantities of tress, humans are lessening their available oxygen supply. Air quality goes down when the oxygen supply decreases. Also, by cutting down many trees in one area, whole ecosyste ms are being whipped out. Many animals, insects, and other creatures are losing their homes and cannot survive in other areas. These creatures could benefit the human race by being a key to unlocking cures for diseases but these discoveries will never be made because the homes of these creatures are being destroyed. By clear-cutting whole ecosystems, humans are destroying some of the diversity on earth. In 200 years the world population jumped from 1 billion to 6 billion. It is now 2013 and the population has reached another billion in just 13 years. At this rate of population growth, the earth will not be able to sustain life indefinitely without human research and technology. Consumption needs to level off and so does the population. Some of the burden to provide for humans needs to be taken off the earth. Environmental science and modern technology can be used to go above and beyond what we need to, as a race, if only we try. References Berg, L.R., Hager, M.C. (2009). Visualizing Environmental ScienceShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Fundamental Principles of Environmental Science964 Words   |  4 PagesThe Fundamental Principles of Environmental Science Jessica Cameron ENV 100 August 5, 2013 Andrew Walsh The Fundamental Principles of Environmental Science Environmental science is defined as an interdisciplinary field that combines the scientific information from several disciplines not limited to biology, geology, physics and economics (Berg amp; Hagar,  2009, p.  1.5) to understand and influence the environment. 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Mexican Art Free Essays

The land called Mexico has many moods and faces. Without a doubt Mexico is steeped in ancient Indian lore, seasoned with Spanish colonial customs. The array of folk art and crafts in Mexico is simply mind-boggling. We will write a custom essay sample on Mexican Art or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each region of Mexico has its own specialty, with villagers maintaining the traditions handed down from countless generations. Mexican culture is a fascinating blend of Native American traditions and Spanish colonial influences. Long before the Spaniards arrived in the 16th century, the indigenous civilizations of Mexico had developed arts such as ceramics, music, poetry, sculpture, and weaving. After the conquest, the intricate designs and bright colors of many Native American arts were often mixed with European techniques and religious themes to create a hybrid and uniquely Mexican artistic style. Numerous churches constructed during the colonial era reflect the blending of Spanish architectural designs with the handiwork of Native American workers who built and decorated the buildings. Many of Mexico’s most popular modern crafts—such as textiles, pottery, and furniture making—borrow designs and techniques from Native American culture. Mexican painting and music have also been shaped by this heritage. Indigenous influences were given a tremendous boost by the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920). During and immediately after the revolution, many Mexican artists celebrated the nation’s unique mixture of races and cultures in their work. Political and social themes from the revolution—such as efforts at land reform and the right of common Mexicans to participate in the nation’s government—were also reflected in the arts. Immediate post revolutionary governments supported the arts and contributed to efforts to make them more accessible to average Mexicans, especially in the 1920s and 1930s. The  individual most responsible for this support was Josà © Vasconcelos, a leading intellectual who served as secretary of education in the first post revolutionary government. The government was especially influential in promoting mural painting, commissioning artists to paint murals depicting Mexican history on public buildings (Hutchison, 2003). During the 1930s, painters came to Mexico from the United States to study the mural movement. Many people from Europe, the United States, and Latin America also visited Mexico as tourists in the 1930s and 1940s, increasing the popularity of native arts such as the making of silver jewelry. Paintings Mexican arts, with the exception of folk arts, generally followed European patterns during the colonial period and the 19th century. The Mexican Revolution was instrumental in fostering a new sense of nationalism and experimentation at the School of Fine Arts in Mexico City. Artists such as David Alfaro Siqueiros belonged to a group of painters who decided that content and form was as important as aesthetics. A number of these artists, including Siqueiros, were political activists as well as artists who aimed to inspire the lower classes in Mexico by creating paintings that dealt with revolutionary themes. They encouraged the development of public murals, so that ordinary Mexicans could view the work of leading artists (Martin Jacobus, 2004). Painting with a permanent medium on large walls, these muralists—including Diego Rivera, Josà © Clemente Orozco, and Juan O’Gorman—dominated the Mexican art world in the 1920s and 1930s. Other artists pursued a different tack. Frida Kahlo painted numerous small self-portraits, which captured her own vision in strange, often surrealistic presentations. Kahlo fractured her  spine and pelvis in a traffic accident as a teenager and began to paint while recovering from her accident. The constant pain Kahlo suffered due to her injuries, as well as her sadness over being unable to bear a child, are reflected in much of her work. In the 1930s Rufino Tamayo combined native folk themes with European art forms such as cubism. His work reached a much larger foreign audience than that of other Mexican artists, particularly in Europe and New York City. Tamayo was an outspoken opponent of the painting style of the revolutionary muralists, arguing that their focus on political and social themes came at the expense of artistic quality. The intense colors of many of Tamayo’s paintings and his use of flattened two-dimensional figures—a style that is common in Mexican folk or pre-Columbian art—gave his work a distinctly Mexican flavor. Manuel Alvarez Bravo, who associated with some of the leading creative photographers in the United States, such as Edward Weston and Tina Modetti, became the first Mexican photographer to reach a large international audience. He was influential in promoting photography as an art form in Mexico. See also Latin American Painting; Latin American Sculpture. Architecture From the 16th through the 18th centuries, architecture overshadowed other forms of art in Mexico. The early buildings of the Spaniards tended to be simple and practical. In the 17th and 18th centuries, however, architecture in Mexico became highly decorative and elaborate. It was during this period that many of the country’s famous churches were built, including the    Cathedral of Mexico in Mexico City. Examples of Spanish colonial architecture are found throughout Mexico. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the French splendors of the Second Empire style were introduced in Mexico City. This trend began under Emperor Maximilian, who ruled Mexico briefly during the 1860s, and later under President Porfirio Dà ­az. Dà ­az commissioned the ornate Palace of Fine Arts, which was completed in the 1930s. Since the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920), many outstanding examples of modern architecture have been built in Mexico. The National Autonomous University of Mexico contains many spectacular modern buildings that feature murals in fresco and mosaic. It includes a multistory library almost completely covered by mosaics designed by Juan O’Gorman. Another Mexican architect, Fà ©lix Candela, created highly original concrete shell designs for several churches and for the sports palace at the 1968 Olympic Games (Billington, 2003). One of Mexico’s most internationally admired architects, Pedro Ramà ­rez Và ¡zquez, designed the renowned Museum of Anthropology and History in downtown Mexico City. Ceramics (Clay Art) Since the appearance of the Olmec culture, considered to be the â€Å"mother of the Mesoamerican cultures†, ceramics took a prevailing place in the lives of the Mexican people. The earthenware vessels, anthropomorphic figures, and various types of utensils found in the archaeological ruins of the ancient Olmec cities of Tajin, San Lorenzo, La Venta and Tres Zapotes, suggest the techniques used in their ceramics: the use of clay, the knowledge of some primitive firing techniques, their means of coloring and painting designs. The Olmecs transcended their era (1500 B.C. –800 A.D) and bequeathed their knowledge to the cultures that flourished after them. The Teotihuacans (100 B.C. – 800 A.D.) prepared the majority of their vessels with clay and decorated them with a variety of techniques: mainly stucco, painting, and smoothing. The pottery of the Aztecs (1325 A.D. – 1521 A.D.) was extremely varied.   They made all types of earthenware, plates, jugs, cups, and pots, mostly with red and orange clay. The Mixtecs stood out for their polychrome lacquer ceramics, in which after polishing a piece, they would cover it with white stucco and then paint it. To the north, the Casas Grandes culture (100 A.D. – 1360 A.D.) produced beautiful polychrome ceramic, basically with geometric motives and influences from the Mimbres culture. Each region had its own unique characteristics in pottery.   However, in all these cultures, the potter himself was given a great deal of importance.   The Aztecs summed it up in the following way: â€Å"A good potter: he puts great care into his work, he teaches the clay to lie, he speaks with his own heart, he brings life to things, he creates them, he knows everything as if he were a Toltec he makes his hands skillful.† The ancient techniques employed to make ceramics are still used today – mostly in the rural parts of Mexico. It’s curious how these groups were able to preserve their artistic techniques – coil building, open firing, natural pigments – and yet they lost their original language and their religion. When the Spaniards arrived, the blending of societies allowed the indigenous people to learn new techniques, and the combination of styles gave life to some of the more famous ceramic styles of Mexican earthenware, such as the â€Å"majolica† or Talavera. Puebla’s Talavera is a direct descendant of the Arabic-Andalusian tradition, which began in Spain in the ninth century, when the influence of the Arabic culture passed on its techniques to peninsular potters.   In Talavera de la Reina, Spain, it became very popular and took a characteristic stylistic form toward the 16th century.   It was then that it was brought to the Americas, especially to the Nueva Espaà ±a, the New Spain, as Mexico was called in colonial times. Although Talavera is only produced in Puebla, other majolica type earthenware is also produced in places like Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato and San Miguel de Allende. To the west, in Tonala, Jalisco, is another Mexican state with a long tradition of ceramic production.   Here, there is more of a Persian influence, including pieces such as stew urns, using gold and silver. In Metepec, State of Mexico, the ceramic tradition has been influenced by Christian beliefs. Here they create the well-known arboles de la vida, trees of life, which are made to look much like tree. Wire is used to attach the clay leafs and figurines to the â€Å"tree†. It is called de la vida because it explains the origins of life. Usually there are figures of God, angles and Adam and Eve, as well as the serpent and some fruit are represented by special figures. Day of the Dead trees is also made using skeletons, and images related to the festivity. Some are made in terracotta, without glaze; others are painted in every imaginable color. Red ware, which is used to make everything from large cooking pots to rice dishes to table dishes, is typical of Michoacan.   The characteristic decoration of these dishes are small flowers made with the thick part of the paintbrush, with white or green paint around a small black circle, as if it were a margarita (the flower). In Oaxaca, the town of San Bartolo is famous for its barro negro, black clay.   The artwork made with this clay acquires its color through the pigments in the polishing process, which brings out the red color from inside the clay.   There are some more recent techniques that bring out a mixture of the natural dark and light tones of the clay, which artists protectively keep to them (Wasserspring, 2000). The small town of Mata Ortiz, Chihuahua stands out for its beautiful pottery as well.   It was here that they reinvented pre-Hispanic ceramics techniques after shards of ancient pottery were found in the ruins of Paquimà ©.   This renaissance was mostly due to Juan Quezada, outstanding Master Potter of Mata Ortiz. Some Mexican creators have implemented new forms and new designs for typical Mexican artwork, such as ceramic eggs from which little frogs are born, lizards and other little animals; glass and ceramic twisters; key chains with eclipses; masks with a pre-Hispanic or oriental motif; dish sets with images of Tamayo or Rivera; tiles with geometrical figures, etc. In the 1950s, High Temperature ceramics or stoneware appeared in Mexico.   The origin of this type of ceramics is from China, Korea and Japan. This technique was introduced to Mexico by a small group of Mexican ceramic artists who studied abroad, mainly in Japan and the United States.   Little by little, it caught on, and these days there are several regional centers in which artists work with Stoneware, such as Michoacan, Veracruz and Jalisco. As we can see, Mexican ceramics bring together the influences of pre-Hispanic, European, Arabic and Oriental cultures.   Whatever technique is used, Mexican ceramics have individuality and â€Å"flavor† that is appreciated for its art and quality worldwide. References Hutchison, P., (2003). Footprint Central America and Mexico 2004 (p. 93). USA : Footprint Handbooks Martin, F. D., Jacobus, L. A. (2004). Humanities through The Arts (p. 399). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Billington, D. P., (2003). The Art of Structural Design: A Swiss Legacy (p. 136, 162). USA : Other Distribution Wasserspring, L., Ragan V., (2000). Oaxacan Ceramics: Traditional Folk Art by Oaxacan Women (pp. 1, 22). San Francisco, California: Chronicle Books How to cite Mexican Art, Essay examples

How Thorpe Park markets Swarm free essay sample

One of the techniques used by Thorpe Park to market their rides is influencing buyer behaviour. Influencing buyer behaviour is when businesses change things around their product to try and get customers to purchase their product or service. For example Thorpe Park may lower their prices during the autumn because that is when their repeat purchase declines. This may encourage customers to go because Thorpe Park usually doesn’t sell their tickets at this price; they will also know that they are getting a good deal from this because Thorpe Park is actually worth more than that. Thorpe Park could also influence buyer behaviour through using celebrity endorsements by making the theme park look fun, cool and enjoyable place to go, by doing so they are building up their brand image as well. This may influence consumers and may draw them to the park because of the way Thorpe Park has presented themselves through their brand image. We will write a custom essay sample on How Thorpe Park markets Swarm or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another technique which Thorpe Park could use to market their product is brand building. Thorpe Park could build up their brand so that they can get more customers by using celebrity endorsements. For example they could give celebrities free tickets to Thorpe Park in exchange of them promoting and telling people how amazing the rides are etc. Once people hear and see how amazing Thorpe Park is, Thorpe Park will start to see more people coming to Thorpe Park. This will help them build up a good brand image because of the popularity of the celebrities. Thorpe Park could also use celebrities from well-known movies or programmes to influence buyer behaviour and create a certain brand image which allows Thorpe Park to have an effect on consumer’s choice. Evaluating the techniques I will be analysing the way Thorpe Park uses colours, sounds, duration, ability to target market, message and reference to product in their advert to build up their brand also influence buyer behaviour. I’ll be ranking in the order which I think Thorpe Park uses best in their advert. Colours 9/10 Sounds 8/10 Duration 10/10 Message 8/10 Ability to target market 7/10 Reference to product 7/10 1. Thorpe used colours really well in their advert, they made it link to their theme. They used dark/ greyish colours to create the mood and tension in their advert. This enabled the audience to watch it and question what’s going to happen next. It’s important for Thorpe Park to be successful in this area of the advert to have a successful campaign; if not the businesses advertisement wouldn’t be worthwhile and have no effect on the business by not increasing sales or visitors. 2. Ability to target market is would be no. 1 because they used young people a lot in their advert which is who they are aiming at. They also made the advert appeal to their audience. For example when the swarm goes through the billboard and boy is screaming it makes the ride look scary because it seems like you’re going to crash and seeing that adrenaline and scared look on his face may convince them enough to try out the Swarm ride. 3. Reference to product will be in second place because they’re main focus is to promote the ride and they need to give the audience a visual image of the ride so they know what they are going on. However others may say that’s not how Thorpe Park looks when you get because they’ve exaggerated the scenery to go with the theme of their advert. 4. Duration is just the right length because of Thorpe Parks target audience (teenagers/ young adults). The advert is short and to the point. If the advert was longer, the audience may not pay attention as they are easily distracted. However the beginning is a 5. The message is very clear to the audience. The message tells the audience that it is a thrilling but fine ride you don’t want to miss out on. It also gives you a bit of history on what the ride was based on (alien invasion). They delivered the message well to their audience so it doesn’t leave them guessing what was this about? 6. I think the music in the background worked well in certain areas. For example when he’s taken on the ride the rock music works well with it but I think near the end they should’ve brought back down to the tensed music in the beginning.

Book Analysis In Cold Blood free essay sample

Cold Blood In the literary world, the concept of using a silent narrator is complex. The novel In Cold Blood was the first nonfiction novel published In an era of Journalism. Capote gained many fans and critics. Truman Capote, in his nonfiction novel In Cold Blood effectively uses a silent narrator to influence the readers opinions of characters based off of actions and words, but as the novel continues capote begins to reveal his true opinions and thoughts to the reader. As the novel begins, Capote strictly conveys to the reader every detail about the Clutter family and allows the reader a full understanding of why the city of Holcomb Is In great fear and shock from the familys murder. The family is so well described by Capote that he makes the reader feel as if he/she are part of the family and present with them. The reader does not know how Capote has any relation to the murder cases or the Clutter family; he/she only knows that the family is to be murdered by Dick Hickock and Perry Smith. We will write a custom essay sample on Book Analysis: In Cold Blood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By not Informing the reader of his personal opinions and thoughts and focusing only on the life of the Clutters, Capote allows the reader o believe he/she are forming opinions and basing conclusions of the Clutter family and their murder cases alone. In the second section of the novel, Persons Unknown, Capote writes about Perrys life and his background. The reader learns that Perry has had a hard life. HIS mother became an alcoholic who died by choking on her own vomit as she slept, his brother Jimmy led his wife to commit suicide then followed the day after. nd his sister Fern threw herself out of a fifteen story window. The reader also learns that Perry was constantly In and out of orphanages where he was poorly mistreated for always etting the bed due to weakened kidneys. The nuns in the orphanages abused him continuously In a variety of cruel ways. By focusing on Perrys background that led him to where he is now, Capote makes the reader feel sympathy and begin to actually adore P erry and believe he has innocent features to his personality. When Officer Nye arrives at Mrs. Johnsons house curious about Perry, she describes Perry as gentle. He cries so easily. Sometimes music sets him off, and when he was a little boy he used to cry because he thought the sunset was so beautiful. Or the moon (182). The reader begins to wonder how a boy, who finds joy in the little things In life, can become a murderer. The softer side of Perry becomes more visible. Seeing the more heartless side of Perry by his amazement of how many arrived at the Clutters funeral rather than feeling guilty, Capote writes a thousand people! Perry was impressed. He wondered how much the funeral had cost (96). Instead of realizing what a toll he had taken on the city of Holcomb, Perry Is pleased with his work and makes it evident his only concern is money. Having exposed both sides of Perry, Capote manages to push the reader away from hating Perry, but closer to ympathizing for him. By Innuenclng tne reader to Tavor Perry along wltn nlm, capote makes It easler to hate Dick. When Dick and Perry were driving down a road in the desert, they passed a dog walking along the side of the road. The dog was an old half-dead mongrel, brittle-boned and mangy (112). Dick then swerves out of his way only to hit the dog, which was something he did whenever the opportunity arose (113). Dick replies with boy! We sure splattered him! (113). When Capote includes the small things Dick does, theyre big enough to affect the readers opinion on him. Capote makes it clear ow he does not like Dick and wants the reader to feel the same. To Capote, planning the murder of the Clutter family was not enough to fully get the reader to dislike Dick. He writes about other minor things that contribute to Dicks character. When Dick and Perry are on the beach in Miami, Dick approaches a girl, no younger than twelve. He says to her youre my baby girl. My little sweetheart (201). Leaving the reader disgusted, Capote accomplishes his goal of making he/she disgusted with Dick. By writing only about Dicks pitiful actions and poor aspects to his personality, Capote nly shows the reader what he wants him/her to see. Capote is also eliminating a chance to base a different opinion about Dick. Many say Capote effectively uses a silent narrator throughout the entire book while other can argue that although he begins to slip and let his opinions affect his writing, it still positively adds to the book. Truman Capote, in his nonfiction novel In Cold Blood effectively uses a silent narrator to influence the readers opinions of characters based off of actions and words, but as the novel continues Capote begins to reveal his true opinions and thoughts to the reader. Word Count: 841

Upton Sinclairs The Jungle Essays - Economic Ideologies

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle Essays - Economic Ideologies Upton Sinclair's The Jungle The Jungle by Upton Sinclair Upton Sinclair's The Jungle is the tale of a Lithuanian immigrant, Jurgis Rudkus, and his family. Jurgis and his family move to the United States in the middle of the Industrial Revolution, only to find themselves ill-equipped for the transition in the workplace and in society in general. Jurgis faces countless social injustices, and through a series of such interactions, the theme of the book is revealed: the support of socialism over capitalism as an economic and social structure. Jurgis learns soon after transplanting his family that he alone cannot earn enough to support his entire family, in spite of the intensity of his valiant efforts to work harder. Soon his wife and the rest of his family are working as well, all attempting to chip in to cover family expenses. However, such exposure proves itself to be too dangerous and detrimental to the Rudkuses. Jurgis becomes hardened by his negative experiences as he realizes that, in a capitalist society like the one he was living in, there is no justice. Hard work is not justly rewarded, and often times corruption is rewarded in its place. Through and through, he sees that capitalist life is not fair. Soon he is injured on the job and is forced to stay home and out of work while his mangled foot heals. Jurgis is sidelined from work for two months, and upon his return he finds himself replaced by another worker. Desperate for a job, he takes a dreaded position at the glue factory. Hi wife is pregnant, his family is working themselves to the breaking point, and the bills are getting the best of them. Jurgis turns to drinking. Things get worse. He learns that his wife has been forced to have sex with her boss. Jurgis, in a rage, attacks the man at the Packing house and is arrested for battery. He spends a month in jail, at which time he meets Jack Duane, a character who introduces him to the easy life: a life of crime. Within a month of the time Jurgis gets out of jail, everyone has lost their jobs and the house they struggled so hard to keep is lost. Soon Ona is having a child, and because of the lack of funds to pay for proper care for her, both she and the child die in labor. His son drowns, many family members have died and the remainder are scattered with no semblance of the family they once were. Jurgis takes to the country to become a tramp, but as winter approaches he knows he must return to the city - to the jungle - once again. Jurgis becomes a beggar and a vagrant. After receiving $100 dollars from Freddie Jones, the son of rich Old Man Jones, he goes into a bar to get change and gets into another altercation, this time with the bartender, and is again arrested. Soon he turns to Jack Duane to enter the life of crime he had foreshadowed. Isolated from any remainders of his family, he begins to live the easy life of shortcuts and crooked paths. However, another chance encounter with Connor, his wife's boss and seducer, brings out his true self again, the man who stands up for his moral convictions, even when it harms him to do so. After beating the man again, he is arrested and jumps bail. By pure luck he wanders into a socialist meeting while looking for food and/or a place to sleep. There his life begins a change in earnest. He learns at that meeting what the working class can do to make a difference. Soon after he reunites with his daughter, Marjia, a drug-addicted prostitue struggling to support the family's remains. The story closes with a happy socialist ending: Jurgis gets a job at a hotel run by socialists and seals his fate. He goes on to become an avid socialist and he, the fighter, and Marjia, the victim, pick up the pieces of their lives to make everything better. I feel that this book is a ridiculously oversimplified look at socialism and a very sinister look at capitalism. While I applaud Sinclair's efforts to illustrate the injustices of capitalism,

Virtue ethics vs. utilitarianism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Virtue ethics vs. utilitarianism - Term Paper Example It is an ethical dilemma, to identify which of the two is ethical; being unkind or lying. On the other hand it is also complex if it is ethical or unethical for an individual to steal from the rich with an aim of helping the poor. Ethics is both what an individual studies and thinks or the code that an individual follows and lives in that direction. In this paper I will argue that utilitarianism is the better form of ethics than virtue ethics.... Virtue ethics is a description of character as a moral agent, character is an ethical behavior driving force. It does not depend on rules or a consequence which defines what is right and wrong depending with the results of an act rather than character (Crisp, 68). While utilitarianism on the other hand, is an idea based on the moral worth of a specific action relaying on its usefulness as it maximizes on utility and minimizes on utility which is negative(Scarre, 2). Utility is defined as pleasure without pain, satisfaction that is preference or knowledge. Utilitarianism is therefore a form of consequentialism; moral worth of a specific action depends on the outcome. ... ch therefore it does not matter on the kind of acts human beings are involved in, or the intentions of individuals in an action, as long as the outcomes are positive. The consequential approach makes sense to us intuitively since while growing up, most children are usually taught on how they should be good. In this context the young are usually advice on how they should carry themselves and since human beings are mostly govern by there conscious they are in a position to make a decision based on the action that will not hate the other party (Lafollette, 27). In addition, utilitarianism relays on two main principles, one being equality; that is an individual considers everyone’s interests counts by having the same weight and relevancy. It does not discriminate race since everyone’s frustrations or pain has the same magnitude as anyone else. While the second principle relies on the action of an individual, the act has to result to a balance which is best between an indivi dual frustrations and satisfaction, as well as to all human beings affected by the results of the action. It is the best form of ethic since as a utilitarian; one has to think critically about a specific approach in a moral way. Here, an individual has to evaluate by first finding out the impacts of a specific approach. As a utilitarian one has to know who will be affected by choosing one of the two existing options. In addition, one has to determine the strength of the impact of the approach as well as where the best results will lie. It does not matter what option one has to take but it matters if the selected option is defines the moral duties (Lafollette, 27). On the other hand, Utilitarianism focuses on the idea of being kind and it is ethical for human beings to act this way. Being kind to

Framework for conflict analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Framework for conflict analysis - Essay Example During the late 90s, a transfer of power in the Kremlin saw the emergence of Vladimir Putin as the head of the State. At about the same time, the tension in Chechnya began to simmer with the repeated skirmishes involving Chechen militants, who had now begun to target people in the neighboring Russian republics (John Russell, 2007). The Situation in Chechnya can be attributed to a similar situation in Africa, where smaller states have been trying to break off from bigger powers. Russia on the other hand, has always resorted to mass bombings and oppressive techniques to keep the region under its control. In doing so, Russia has violated several international conventions in areas such as Human rights, which has added to the animosity within the Chechen population (Bruno Coppieters, 2002). Additionally, it it is the Chechen civilians who have borne the brunt of this long period of oppression and it is thus quite natural for them to rebel any perceived occupation. Since the inception of the Soviet Union, Stalin was of the view that western powers were colluding to overthrow the communists. In doing so, he always viewed the Chechens as collaborators and deported them to Kazakhstan in order to prevent any mass uprising. With Stalin’s death, the Chechens were allowed to return to their homeland. This has been one of the main contribution that has helped keep Chechen nationalism active. Russia began to offensive in 1999 through a massive air campaign which began with the eviction of separatists from the neighboring republic of Dagestan. This was followed by a massive land offensive that consisted of shelling and ground troops. The Chechen rebels launched their fight from the mountains and resorted to Guerilla warfare. They mingled in the local population and carried out surprise attacks on the advancing Russian troops. However, this made

Define consumer benefit, market segment and market size of a theatre Case Study

Define consumer benefit, market segment and market size of a theatre (for a real ) - Case Study Example Consumer Benefit Consumers of a particular product seek to identify products that would benefit them and satisfy their needs through knowledge of product attributes, which include brand image, brand perceptions, brand personalities, and brand characteristics (Whaling and Michigan State University, 2007). Consumers are constantly seeking products that would satisfy their unlimited needs with the maximum outcome benefit they can get from the product. The outcomes however vary from satisfaction of needs to getting solutions to particular problems and reduction if not elimination of frustrations. The attributes of a product are meaningless to a consumer if the outcome benefit they are seeking cannot be achieved from purchase of the product. The outcome benefit that the consumers are seeking to benefit from usually carries the rational and emotional component. The purchaser may at times not be the end user of the product but still goes ahead to seek a product that will help him or her ach ieve price and solution benefit. Hopgood have regular customers such as the local council and other companies who hire rooms for meetings and training of their staff. The company representatives responsible for hiring focus on the outcome benefit to their end users rather than just hiring a room. Market segmentation is basically based on the product benefit, and customer characteristics relation. Customers with specific needs and characteristics seek to benefit from specific products that match their situations (Evans, O'Malley, Maurice, and Patterson, 2004, pg 179). The functional benefits that consumers of Hopgood theatre achieve from their products are measured in terms of time and place with which the product is available, the duration that the services last and the prices with which the products are purchased. The shows being offered by Hopgood may be repeated in other theatres in other countries and the prices are normally the same although Hopgood may charge slightly higher i n venues located in the cities as compared to regional venues. Purchasers of goods achieve higher degree benefit with lower prices as compared to products with slightly higher prices although the venue of the shows levels up the price factor. Shows of its own kind are desired by many consumers of Hopgood considering the fact that the shows may not be repeated elsewhere. A variety of shows offered are highly appreciated by Hopgood product purchasers who have the opportunity of choosing from a list all current shows with prices charged for each show that is available on their website. Psychological benefit is also an important outcome that customers of Hopgood seek for when purchasing a product. This benefit enables the purchaser to achieve a pleasant feeling of acquired value for money and self worth. Customers seek to purchase goods that will enable them achieve the highest level of psychological satisfaction to build their own self-esteem and boost value for the products. The outco me is the benefit of the products they use and consume to satisfy their needs. Market Segment Market segment focuses on particular customer characteristics that differentiate one group of customers from another group. Customer profile is the determining factor that differentiates market segments of Hopgood theatr

Investigating Human trafficking types causes and effects

Investigating Human trafficking types causes and effects Human trafficking is considered as one of the most problematic issues in today worlds society. Since this problem happens throughout the world, it is necessary to deal with it globally. For ASEAN level, human trafficking is one of the transnational crimes that take place across national borders or take place within one country but their consequences significantly affect another country. Likewise, Cambodia also faces with this kind of serious crime as a transit, origin, and recipient nation. I.1 Types of human trafficking 1. Forced Labor According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), forced labor is a work or service exacted from a person under threat or penalty, which includes penal sanctions and the loss of rights and privileges, where the person has not offered him/herself voluntarily. 2. Sexual Exploitation In term of recruitment, traffickers resort to deception, in particular through false promises of well-paid jobs or opportunities to study abroad. In many cases, victims find themselves abroad, locked in apartments, with their passports confiscated by traffickers who coerce them to work in prostitution through threats, use of force, abuse and rape. Very often, the victims are promised their freedom only after earning their purchase price, as well as their travel and visa costs, through prostitution. 3. Organ removal After sexual exploitation, the most visible form of exploitation of human trafficking is organ removal. The victims of this kind of exploitation mostly are children. The children were removed their organ for the purpose of begging and peddling (selling small equipment, flowers and cigarettes). 4. Forced marriage Forced marriage is a practice with deep historical roots in which at least one of the party is married against his/her will and consent. Today, forced marriage can also be linked to human trafficking. Despite being recognized as a human rights violation and being condemned by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), the practice of forced marriage occurs on a significant scale today. In Cambodian society, especially in rural areas we can see that parents always forced their daughter to marry to foreigner on the hope of improving their living condition. Unfortunately, their daughter somehow exploited by foreigner as domestic workers or sex slaves. 5. Illicit adoption Illegal adoption of children is also another form of human trafficking since it involves the selling and buying children or baby illegally between parents and buyers. Due to unclear familys plan or unwanted pregnancy, parents often sell their kids to buyers for the purpose of adoption. In some case, unlucky children were sold to cruel families which force them to serve as domestic servants or slaves. I.2 Trafficker and the Trafficked 1. Who are the traffickers? Traffickers can be involved in various functions (as recruiters, transporters or exploiters) and in various activities during the different stages of the process (Traffickers can be men or women of any age. Women play a role during the recruitment and exploitation phases. Male traffickers with varying degrees of seniority within the trafficking network act as recruiters, transporters and managers during the exploitation phase. Increasingly, females may also perform these roles. 2. Who are the victims? Adult women are most frequently reported to be trafficked, followed by children. Plus, men are victims of human trafficking as well. II. Current situation Cambodia is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Cambodian men, women, and children are trafficked for sexual and labor exploitation in Thailand, Malaysia, Macao, and Taiwan.  Ã‚   Men are trafficked for forced labor in the agriculture, fishing, and construction industries. Women are trafficked for sexual exploitation and forced labor in factories or as domestic servants.  Children are trafficked for sexual exploitation and forced labor in organized begging rings, soliciting, street vending, and flower selling. The Ministry of Social Affairs and Youth Rehabilitations found that 76 percent of trafficked persons returned from Thailand had come from families who owned land, 93 percent owned their own house and had no debt on the land or house, and 47 percent stated that their mother was the facilitator of their trafficking. As the transition, Cambodia is a transit country for victims trafficked from Vietnam to Thailand. Cambodia is a destination country for women and children who are trafficked from Vietnam and China for sexual exploitation. Common destinations for trafficking victims are Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, and Sihanouk Ville. A 2005 report estimated that 2,000 victims in Cambodia have been trafficked into sexual exploitation, approximately 80 percent of whom were Vietnamese women and girls. Internal trafficking in Cambodia is thought to be predominantly for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Internal trafficking for sexual exploitation is mainly to urban and tourist areas, including to Phnom Penh and to Sihanouk Ville. Increasingly, young women are being deceptively recruited to work in karaoke bars. These women are employed under the pretence of a job in a restaurant or as a waitress in an entertainment complex, and while they are often not physically forced to have sex with clients, the women face constant harassment in a sexually exploitative environment. Trafficking in children, particularly very young children and children with a disability are also recruited to sell sweets and flowers on the streets. A small number are recruited for work in other sectors, such as domestic work or in restaurants. Trafficking from Cambodia also takes place for the purpose of labor exploitation in a number of industries, including construction, logging, factory work and agriculture. There is an emerging body of research that is concerned about Cambodian men being trafficked to work in Thailands fishing industry and in construction and factory work in Malaysia.15 Cambodian men who are lured into working on Thai fishing boats report appalling conditions, trapped and isolated, they suffer from long working hours, dangerous working conditions and physical abuse. III. Causes and Effects of human trafficking in Cambodia There are many causes of human trafficking in Cambodia. Poverty is an important factor which has increased women and childrens vulnerability to human traffickers particularly the poor and unemployed due to their willingness to join or their low level of awareness on the dangers associated with human trafficking. Poverty again is considered as the main driver behind their decisions to migrate over sea for work. In addition to poverty, the lack of education and unemployment there are also significant social and culture factors that contribute to human trafficking. For instance, culture norms that perpetuate a lack of respect women increase the likelihood of them being exploited. Similarly, the perception of children as wage earners also increases the likelihood of them being trafficked. Moreover, the low level of education, family debt, agriculture failure, lack of land and off-season work were pushing people to the big cities or other countries as the men go into construction, women i nto services and prostitution. Last but definitely not least, broken families, disaster, uneven economic development, lack of border controls, socio-economic imbalance between the rural and urban areas, increased tourism, unsafe migration are also significant contributing factors to human trafficking. After getting to know the roots of human trafficking, it is also important to understand its effects. In fact, human trafficking has many consequences. First, the spread of HIV/AIDS is one of the consequences of human trafficking. For instance, many victims of human trafficking are physically and sexually abused. Trafficked women are often not in a position of negotiate safe sex, or lack access to education about HIV/AIDS. Therefore, they can transmit the disease to the next customers. That is the reason that HIV/AIDS can spread from one person to another person easily. The victims not only suffer from HIV/AIDS, but also often suffer from stigmatization by their communities. Moreover, many are treated as criminals by officials in countries of transit and destination due to their irregular status in the country, and their status as illegal workers or sex workers. What is more, human trafficking is generating the violation of human right. As we know that the victims are forced to do th e prostitute and other kind of exploitations. IV. Solutions of Cambodian Government Cambodia is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Therefore, The Royal Government of Cambodia does not stand still without taking any actions. The first mechanism is the prosecution. It is making some many significant efforts; for example, the government created a national anti-trafficking task force to improve the interagency response to trafficking and coordination with civil society, increased law enforcement action against traffickers and complicit officials, and undertook prevention activities. Besides these, in February 2008, Cambodias new Law on the Suppression of Human Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation was declared wisely and went into effect immediately. This law provides enforcement authorities, the power of investigate all forms of trafficking, and it is also a powerful tool in efforts to prosecute and convict traffickers and have them face strict punishments. The Ministry of Interior (MOI) reported 53 trafficking cases from April 2 007 to March 2008, thirty-five cases were sex trafficking involving 60 victims and 11 were labor trafficking cases involving 106 victims. The MOI reported that 65 traffickers were arrested during the reporting period. The Phnom Penh Municipal Court convicted 52 trafficking offenders. The MOI Department of Anti-Trafficking and Juvenile Protection reported 52 cases, involving 65 trafficking offenders. There is also a figure that we get from non-state actors such as NGOs. For instance, NGOs reported 19 labor trafficking cases. In February 2008, Prime Minister Hun Sen ordered the Ministry of Commerce to annul business licenses for marriage agencies, calling that kind of business is also a form of human trafficking. Another mechanism of combating human trafficking in Cambodia is the protection. The Royal Government of Cambodia improved its efforts to provide protection to victims of trafficking, while continuing to rely on NGOs and international organizations. Victims are not treated as criminals. Law enforcement and immigration officials implemented formal procedures to identify victims among vulnerable groups and refer them to provincial and municipal Departments of Social Affairs. For instance, the victims are provided with education or skill in order to make them have jobs to support their living. For foreign victims, they are provided temporary residence in shelters providing legal, educational, and counseling services while awaiting repatriation. Last but definitely not least mechanism is the prevention. The Royal Government of Cambodia demonstrated solid efforts to prevent trafficking. In April 2007, the government established a National Task Force (NTF) comprising 11 government ministries, three government agencies, and more than 200 international and local NGOs. The NTF has an oversight mechanism known as the High Level Working Group, chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior. This indicates the first time has coordinated anti-trafficki ng efforts across government ministries and agencies, and also formally includes civil society. In collaboration with civil society, the NTF launched a nationwide anti-trafficking campaign using positive messages incorporating Khmer values and cultural traditions to inspire Cambodians to take action against human trafficking. The campaign emphasized trafficking as a national priority and launched a national dialogue on trafficking via public forums across Cambodia. More interestingly, Cambodia also has international cooperation in combating human trafficking. For instance, On May 6, 2005  the government and the other five member states of the Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Trafficking (COMMIT)  met in Phnom Penh and agreed to approve the plan of action developed in March 2005 in Hanoi. V. Conclusion Recommendations for Cambodia I would recommend Cambodian government continue implementation of the comprehensive anti-trafficking legislation and provide training for law enforcement and government officials on the new law. Moreover, significantly improve the number of prosecutions, convictions, and punishments of trafficking offenders, particularly in areas outside the capital are also should be taking into considerations. Besides these, Cambodia should and must try to make greater efforts to prosecute, convict, and criminally punish public officials complicit in trafficking; hold labor recruiting agencies criminally responsible for labor trafficking by means of fraudulent recruitment. What is more, the government should continue to enhance interagency cooperation and collaboration with civil society; create concrete benchmarks for the provincial working groups under the direction of the National Task Force. Last but definitely not least, government of Cambodia should increase efforts to prosecute sex tourists and those facilitating commercial sexual exploitation of children. There is also some recommendation from the U.S. Department of State recommends that the Cambodia Government should pass and enact comprehensive anti-trafficking legislation and make greater efforts to prosecute and convict public officials who profit from or are involved in trafficking. In addition to that, here is also another general recommendation such as protect the rights of victims. According to the UN principle on Human Rights which states that the human rights of trafficked persons shall be at the center of all efforts to prevent and combat trafficking and to protect, assist and provide redress to victims. In other words, the needs and rights of victims should be considered at every stage in proceedings. Furthermore, in order to prevent and protect successfully, the demand should be reduced since the demand reduction must be linked to the prevention and protection. Another recommendation is the establishing c omprehensive policies. The complexities of the trafficking problem require efforts by relevant entities at the local, national, regional, and international levels. It is vitally to form partnership with intergovernmental organizations, governments, NGOs, international organizations, communities and families confronted with trafficking.

Theme of Isolation in Dekkers Blink and Taylors Julie :: essays research papers

Many people experience isolation throughout their lives. Isolation is withdrawal from society or feeling of being disconnected from a certain group. Why is there isolation? What causes isolation? What might it lead to? There are various factors that can lead to isolation. People can be easily isolated by their knowledge, background or by their differences. There are effects that can also occur due to isolation. There are a lot of questions regarding isolation and alienation. There are literatures and novels relating to this issue such as Blink and Julie. Blink is written by a famous author named Ted Dekker. The main theme of the book is about romance between two isolated characters. University student Seth Border, who is well known for his intelligence, falls in love with the princess of Saudi Arabia, Miriam Fahd. Seth develops the ability to predict the future as he come across Miriam. It is ironic that his name, Seth, means appointed or to be chosen (Origin and Meaning of the name Seth). He is given extremely high intelligence and is chosen to have supernatural power which eventually leads to isolation. As for Miriam, she escapes from Saudi Arabia, because she could not adapt to the environment and treatment of women in her society. She decides to go to United States for freedom. However, she feels more isolated in United States because she did not know anyone there. This is when she meets her destiny, Seth Border. Julie is one of brilliant novels written by well-known Canadian author Cora Taylor. Julie Morgan is the main character of this novel. She also has the ability to predict the future just like Seth. The difference between them is that she has this ability since birth. She is very emotional and sensitive. Her timidity causes isolation in her life. She believes that things she dreams about is true, however, her family think she is just too creative. She becomes doubtful and withdraws herself from society. Julie and Blink have a lot of things in common. Both involve characters with special ability to predict the future. Julie Morgan and Seth Border they are both very smart. For this reason, they are isolated. Julie and Seth have problem adapting to their environment which is another factor that has isolated them. They both go through unbearable pain, betrayal and other family problems. This eventually causes them to isolate themselves. On the other hand, Miriam, Seth’s lover, experiences alienation because of her ethnic group.